BETTY

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inqistor
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BETTY

Post by inqistor »

Some interesting things about BETTY development:

G4M1

(there is no other model for G4M1 in-game)

G4M2 began production in July 1943 (in-game 1/44), and it carried KAI-7 (Mk 7) torpedo (also used by G4M3), which carried:

420kg of explosives, while older model had only 235kg


G4M2e Model 24 Tei
Special version for the transport of the ramming attack bomb plane Kugisho/Yokosuka MXY-7 Ohka ("Baka") Model 11, conversions of G4M2a Models 24 Otsu and 24 Hei. Had armour protection for the pilots and fuselage fuel tanks.

And I can not find any reference to production of G4M1-L (actually the only clear, is conversion of "Bataan-2" for flying in Japanese surrender delegation). There are some listed as wreck locations, but Yamamoto seems to have been transported in bomber variant, not transport (and G4M1 12 model - with some armor). However there is clear mention about conversion of G6M1 into transports, but those planes had completely different armament and:

And they were out of production already, when war started.

To sum up:
G4M1 got partial protection in March 1943
G4M2, and G4M3 carried bigger torpedo, and bigger bombs
G4M2e (OHKA carrier) had protection
G4M1-L is actually G6M1-L2, and had protection, and better armament (if any)
el cid again
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RE: BETTY

Post by el cid again »

ORIGINAL: inqistor

Some interesting things about BETTY development:

G4M1

(there is no other model for G4M1 in-game)

G4M2 began production in July 1943 (in-game 1/44), and it carried KAI-7 (Mk 7) torpedo (also used by G4M3), which carried:

420kg of explosives, while older model had only 235kg


G4M2e Model 24 Tei
Special version for the transport of the ramming attack bomb plane Kugisho/Yokosuka MXY-7 Ohka ("Baka") Model 11, conversions of G4M2a Models 24 Otsu and 24 Hei. Had armour protection for the pilots and fuselage fuel tanks.

And I can not find any reference to production of G4M1-L (actually the only clear, is conversion of "Bataan-2" for flying in Japanese surrender delegation). There are some listed as wreck locations, but Yamamoto seems to have been transported in bomber variant, not transport (and G4M1 12 model - with some armor). However there is clear mention about conversion of G6M1 into transports, but those planes had completely different armament and:

And they were out of production already, when war started.

To sum up:
G4M1 got partial protection in March 1943
G4M2, and G4M3 carried bigger torpedo, and bigger bombs
G4M2e (OHKA carrier) had protection
G4M1-L is actually G6M1-L2, and had protection, and better armament (if any)


G4M1-L is indeed similar to the G6M1-L2. But the former was a twice converted failed initial production variant -
a "super heavy fighter" intended to escort G3M2 bombers. Similar Allied experiments also failed. Most of the 30
produced were converted first into bomber trainers. Then into transports, given a peculiar designation. The
G4M1-L was a variant of the new build bomber version - which as you point out does exist in a number of places -
in spite of a lack of mention in most sources. It does get mentioned by Francillon I think, but with no numbers or
production dates, if I remember correctly. In any case, I got my materials from unpublished, Japanese sources
at the National Diet Library, aided by a retired Japanese captain, while I was stationed at Yokosuka - and I use
the more limited materials in English references only to suppliment the vast notes I brought back from Japan. I spent
20 years compiling a spreadsheet of every aircraft variant identified - if anyone wants a copy of it. It is more detailed
than we use in Matrix formats - with all sorts of details - usually from manufacturers specs vice from service docs or
reference books.
Commander Stormwolf
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RE: BETTY

Post by Commander Stormwolf »


well.. seeing how 13mm armor was only good against 7.7mm rounds..5mm plates for the tail gunner won't stop anything

and the wings were integral tanks, some rubber in a few places won't help

a true SSF would reduce the range by 33%


betty was really a plane that no-one wanted (the deisgners didn't want to design it, crews didn't want to fly it)

it had good range, but the Zero had less - either the Zero needed more external fuel or the Betty needed full armor protection
"No Enemy Survives Contact with the Plan" - Commander Stormwolf
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inqistor
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RE: BETTY

Post by inqistor »

ORIGINAL: el cid again
G4M1-L is indeed similar to the G6M1-L2. But the former was a twice converted failed initial production variant -
a "super heavy fighter" intended to escort G3M2 bombers. Similar Allied experiments also failed. Most of the 30
produced were converted first into bomber trainers. Then into transports, given a peculiar designation. The
G4M1-L was a variant of the new build bomber version - which as you point out does exist in a number of places -
in spite of a lack of mention in most sources. It does get mentioned by Francillon I think, but with no numbers or
production dates, if I remember correctly.
Actually BETTY transport seems to be all conversions, not production plane.
This page lists G4M1-L but it is under G4M2 list, and even its production number shows M2 designation.
Also THIS LINK lists G6M1, but also G4M2 transport version, and even possibly G4M3 (and writes, that Kokutai 1001 was established in July 1942, while it begins game on map). No mention about G4M1-L AT ALL.
In any case, I got my materials from unpublished, Japanese sources
at the National Diet Library, aided by a retired Japanese captain, while I was stationed at Yokosuka - and I use
the more limited materials in English references only to suppliment the vast notes I brought back from Japan. I spent
20 years compiling a spreadsheet of every aircraft variant identified - if anyone wants a copy of it. It is more detailed
than we use in Matrix formats - with all sorts of details - usually from manufacturers specs vice from service docs or
reference books.
Have you got any references to armament of transport versions? Last page shows them either completely unarmed, or only with 1 MG.
Also, it seems strange, that it was supposed to be M1 version, which got converted. Not only it had older engines (possibly not produced anymore), but when you need transport plane, you will get either the one with longer range, or bigger payload, of which version M2 was clearly better, than M1.
ORIGINAL: Commander Stormwolf


well.. seeing how 13mm armor was only good against 7.7mm rounds..5mm plates for the tail gunner won't stop anything

and the wings were integral tanks, some rubber in a few places won't help

a true SSF would reduce the range by 33%
Considering strange configuration, it seems to be purely FLAK protection, not because of enemy fighters.
The problem with in-game representation, is that there are only two values:
eiter 0 for lack of protection,
or 1 (maybe 2 planes have actually 2 armor)
so hardly to put something in-between for partial protection representation.
Also I do not understand the whole concept. Unless plane armor works in-code completely different, than other forms of armor, it should be completely safe to have planes with greater range of armor values.
el cid again
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RE: BETTY

Post by el cid again »

ORIGINAL: Commander Stormwolf


well.. seeing how 13mm armor was only good against 7.7mm rounds..5mm plates for the tail gunner won't stop anything

and the wings were integral tanks, some rubber in a few places won't help

a true SSF would reduce the range by 33%


betty was really a plane that no-one wanted (the deisgners didn't want to design it, crews didn't want to fly it)

it had good range, but the Zero had less - either the Zero needed more external fuel or the Betty needed full armor protection


Go to page 100 and read about "Rear Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto, Chief of Engineering Development, Naval Air Headquarters" and his role in the G2H1 program post the Washington Treaty.

This is simply false. The Betty was designed without armor deliberately - as was its ancestor (the plane and plans were destroyed in the 1930s
to insure security). The guy responsible was one you have heard of - Adm Yamamoto. It was a deliberate trade off - to get range. This is mentioned in Francillon, but for real details see the companion for pre war Japanese planes -

Japanese Aircraft 1910-1941
Robert C Mikesh & Shorzoe Abe
ISBN 1-55750-563-2

Ultimately the research was "passed to Mitsubisi" leading to the development of the 8 shi Special Reconnaisance aircraft, which ultimately became the "successful" Nell - from which Betty was developed. The intent was to get long range performance out of limited engine power on a two engine platform - as a kind of revolutionary weapons capability - and it succeeded. At the time these ideas were less radical than it seems today - since
the typical "persuit plane" had a pair of .30 cal weapons and was itself unarmored.
Commander Stormwolf
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RE: BETTY

Post by Commander Stormwolf »


just saying betty had a lot more range than the zero did,

they could have

1) put 2x100L drop tanks on the zero's wing instead of the 60kg hardpionts
- increase the range

2) put armor on the betty, decreasing the range but keeping it the same as the zero


the mitsubishi team didn't want to design the betty, they wanted a 4-engine design or an armoured 2 engine deisgn opposed the integral wing fuel tanks

probably the best 2-engine torpedo plane would have been the high speed mitsubishi
Ki-46 dinah (375 mph)

the RAF had the right idea. either heavy 4-engined (lancaster) or fast 2-engined (mosquito)
"No Enemy Survives Contact with the Plan" - Commander Stormwolf
Dili
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RE: BETTY

Post by Dili »

probably the best 2-engine torpedo plane would have been the high speed mitsubishi
Ki-46 dinah (375 mph)

When you learn that the specs for a torpedo bomber are different that an altitude recon plane?
Commander Stormwolf
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RE: BETTY

Post by Commander Stormwolf »


i may know a little about planes.. since then i designed a few [;)]


dinah was well suited to being a torpedo plane (it was very small and had a high speed with small engines)
but they converted it into a fighter instead (low climb rate makes a poor interceptor)

need to understand that any plane can perform any function, just not particularly well
japanese were in a state of panic and tried using the wrong designs for the wrong purposes

(Ki-67 peggy as a fighter with the 75mm gun [8|])

(D4Y judy as a fighter [8|])

(german Ju-88 as a fighter [8|])


axis bmbr planes took the classic approach

2 engines
several small defensive guns
low-medium speed

RAF was ahead of everyone else, with 4-engined heavy designs or high speed 2-engined designs

high speed Dinah would be a lot more effective against CAP since (even with a torpedo attached)
it would still be faster than the F4F-4


"No Enemy Survives Contact with the Plan" - Commander Stormwolf
Dili
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RE: BETTY

Post by Dili »

A torpedo bomber needs to have engines for low level speed, needs to be maneuverable at low level which usually makes it bad for high altitude, it needs to be sturdy and preferably well armored. An altitude recon plane is almost the opposite of it.
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RE: BETTY

Post by YankeeAirRat »

ORIGINAL: Commander Stormwolf


i may know a little about planes.. since then i designed a few [;)]


dinah was well suited to being a torpedo plane (it was very small and had a high speed with small engines)
but they converted it into a fighter instead (low climb rate makes a poor interceptor)

need to understand that any plane can perform any function, just not particularly well
japanese were in a state of panic and tried using the wrong designs for the wrong purposes

(Ki-67 peggy as a fighter with the 75mm gun [8|])

(D4Y judy as a fighter [8|])

(german Ju-88 as a fighter [8|])


axis bmbr planes took the classic approach

2 engines
several small defensive guns
low-medium speed

RAF was ahead of everyone else, with 4-engined heavy designs or high speed 2-engined designs

high speed Dinah would be a lot more effective against CAP since (even with a torpedo attached)
it would still be faster than the F4F-4



Image

So much fail in this quoted posting.[:-]

First off if you have designed aircraft then a couple of questions:
1. What is the drag coefficent of the standard IJAAF Torpedo?
a. How would that affect the Ki-46 Shiki's overall top speed and what would be your proposed fix that would not adversely affect both weight nor major redesign for a different set of engines?
b. How about the hanging of the torpedo that wouldn't affect center of gravity of the aircraft, stability, roll rate, yaw rate, climb rate and overall character of the airframe?
2. What was Ki-46 originally ordered for and how best would that primary mission been achieved with the aircraft designed the way it was? Is there room for improvement without requiring a major tooling upgrade in the plants that are currently building the Ki-46, to achieve this mythical torpedo bomber mission that you want the IJAAF to fly?
3. How could you achieve the same amount of high speed, long range for the aircraft to fly a standard Hi-Low-Hi mission profile that a torpedo bomber typically flies again without inducing a major redesign of the aircraft or mandating a new engine design that isn't even in production? Or if it is in production how do you plan on add the engine to the airframe and not adversely affect the traits already built into the aircraft of long loiter time and high speed?
4. How do you plan on designing a mechanism into the airframe to slow the aircraft down fast enough to successfully delivery the weapon and again not be overly complex for maintenance, add weight, or affect overal flight character of the airframe?

Tactically
1. Name the total number of IJAAF units that are currently trained as of 08DEC1941 in torpedo attack.
2. Do you understand that go like a bat out of heck is good for a bomber, but to be successful in deliever of a torpedo you need to slow the aircraft down and not impart too much kenetic energy into the torpedo to cause it either skip off the top of the water or dive deep and never surface in time to be successful in striking the target?
3. For the land war in China and the expected attacks into the Western colonies of Malay Pennusila and Dutch East Indies how many potential targets do you percieve that we in the IJAAF would strike compared to the better trained IJNAF units currently in French Indo-China, Taiwain, Marshalls, Carolinas and all the rest of our bases in our own co-prosperity sphere?
4. How many torpedoes does the IJAAF have on stock at this moment and how to you propose to pre-position them to the forward army airbases so they could be used to attack enemy shipping?
5. Since ‚È‚µ (Keine, „N„u„„, Geen) of our pilots and crews are trained in torpedo attack, how do you propose to achieve this training to bring in proficency prior to our strike south on 08DEC1941?

Just because an airplane on paper looks like it might have the favorable stats to be something, doesn't mean it will be a winner at that additional mission. Remember what the Ki-46 Shiki was designed for and who it was designed for? The IJAAF, the Imperial Japanese Army Air Force; and it was designed to do long range high altitutde aerial recon of targets for IJAAF and IJA units. Additionally they didn't want the aircraft to be intercepted by any of the current generation of fighters that existed at that time and something that could fly a serious long time or long distance. That mandated the high speed and high altitude requirement (which to achieve the higher speeds mandated turbochargers in the later models with some improved engines) from the get go by the IJAAF. Also, just like the US Navy and the US Army were having fights about who was supposed to defend the coast lines; the IJAAF and IJNAF were having the same fights. So why would if the IJA expected to be using its aircraft and itself in China to carve a larger empire for itself, would it need torpedo bombers? Even more so when the only naval targets were river patrol boats and the few heavy Western Naval units typically only made it as far inland sometimes was Hankow.
By most people's agreement the listing of good multi-engined torpedo bombers should look like this:
1. Beaufighter TF.X
2. SM.79 Spariverio.

That is about it every thing else from the Beaufort down to even the Mosquito were considered stop gap and except for a few success with the Beauforts, most ended up preforming like the B-26's of the 38th Bombardment Group at Midway. Flying a mission in an aircraft that wasn't designed for and using a stop-gapped series of tools to carry a weapon. In turn the things that made that aircraft effective in one mission (high speed interdiction bomber) were nullified by the modifications to carry a torpedo.

As to the statement that the Brits were first and ahead of everyone with the idea of a 4 engine heavy bomber, please get a hold of the Boeing Corporation and let them know all of thier history is wrong.

Oh and high speed versus CAP tell that to the Regina Aeronautica crews who flew the SM.79 into the teeth of Allied Air Power during the Anizo Landings trying to do both torpedo and level bombing attacks. Remember you need to slow down to drop a torpedo or it will have been a wasted mission.
Take my word for it. You never want to be involved in an “International Incident”.
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RE: BETTY

Post by Commander Stormwolf »

Tactically
1. Name the total number of IJAAF units that are currently trained as of 08DEC1941 in torpedo attack.
2. Do you understand that go like a bat out of heck is good for a bomber, but to be successful in deliever of a torpedo you need to slow the aircraft down and not impart too much kenetic energy into the torpedo to cause it either skip off the top of the water or dive deep and never surface in time to be successful in striking the target?
3. For the land war in China and the expected attacks into the Western colonies of Malay Pennusila and Dutch East Indies how many potential targets do you percieve that we in the IJAAF would strike compared to the better trained IJNAF units currently in French Indo-China, Taiwain, Marshalls, Carolinas and all the rest of our bases in our own co-prosperity sphere?
4. How many torpedoes does the IJAAF have on stock at this moment and how to you propose to pre-position them to the forward army airbases so they could be used to attack enemy shipping?
5. Since ‚È‚µ (Keine, „N„u„„, Geen) of our pilots and crews are trained in torpedo attack, how do you propose to achieve this training to bring in proficency prior to our strike south on 08DEC1941?

really this has nothing to do with "Dinah would make a good torpedo plane"

they changed it into a fighter... which is a lot more ridiculous






"No Enemy Survives Contact with the Plan" - Commander Stormwolf
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RE: BETTY

Post by Commander Stormwolf »

this is a bad torpedo plane



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RE: BETTY

Post by Commander Stormwolf »

guess what this one used to be.. slow and vulnerable just like the Sm79 and other axis junk

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RE: BETTY

Post by Commander Stormwolf »


Envy of the Luftwaffe..

this one was pretty good

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RE: BETTY

Post by Commander Stormwolf »


by the way the maximum release speed for allied torpedoes (Mark13) was about 100mph..
.. japanese was 250-300mph .. torpedoes were one of the rare cases of weapon systems where japan
was more advanced
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RE: BETTY

Post by Commander Stormwolf »


fast and streamlined, the Dinah was among the best japanese designs to see service

among other were Emily, Myrt, and Tojo

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RE: BETTY

Post by Commander Stormwolf »


if you want another example of a bad design for the wrong purpose.. the first 30 betties were built as fighters [:D]


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RE: BETTY

Post by Commander Stormwolf »



one other note.. actually B-26s armed with a pair of British Mark XII torpedoes would have been pretty excellent
instead of 4, have 40 on midway, with decent fighter escort

but historycally,the lack of good torpedoes forced the USAAF to improvise anti-ship tactics (skip-bmbing),
fortunately they were profficient at it in time for the battle of the bismarck sea

japanese had excellent torpedoes but by 1943 had no way to deliver them to their targets
(the betties were relegated to night torpedo missions, and except for sinking the cruiser chicago, had no major success)

japanese torpedo planes were simply too slow and vulnerable, and their fighter escorts were worn down by the
attritional fighting above rabaul

what was required was either a heavily armored torpedo plane that could defend itself from enemy fighters
or a fast torpedo plane that could reduce the time available for interception

"No Enemy Survives Contact with the Plan" - Commander Stormwolf
el cid again
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RE: BETTY

Post by el cid again »

ORIGINAL: Commander Stormwolf


if you want another example of a bad design for the wrong purpose.. the first 30 betties were built as fighters [:D]


Image

It is a bit unfair not to say it was something WE did too! And equally unsuccessfully. It SOUNDED reasonable - a heavily
armed bomber had the range to escort sisters as bombers - but it could not keep up after they shed their loads!

Just because a plane is not fast does not mean it isn't a good torpedo plane - consider the Swordfish or the Vildebeeste.
Low altitude stability matters, as does range. The most interesting Japanese idea was probably the G7 - using
the two engine formula once again - but with armor, gun turrets - high speed too - and a 21 inch torpedo (similar to
the USN 22 inch torpedo but with far better performane because of oxygen technology) - it was rejected in favor of the G8
because of range - but it took too long to develop the G8 and it would have been too expensive to build 4 E planes in the
same numbers as 2 E planes - the G7 was actually pretty fair as a proposal.

PLUS to get us back to the topic - it was derived from the BETTY!
Commander Stormwolf
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RE: BETTY

Post by Commander Stormwolf »

It is a bit unfair not to say it was something WE did too!

Hehe..my point was just that Dinah was to Japan as Mosquito was to Britain

they just should have made a lot more of them [;)]

(and fewer sallys)
"No Enemy Survives Contact with the Plan" - Commander Stormwolf
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